Miss Arkansas 1994 "And I'm Telling You"(Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

SEXY GIRL PHOTOSHOOT? YOU GOTTA VOTE HERE!(Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

50 Cent - Ayo Technology ft. Justin Timberlake(Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Beyonce ft. Lady Gaga - VIDEO PHONE(Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

50 Cent - Baby By Me ft. Ne-Yo(Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Lady Gaga performing Paparazzi

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Lady Gaga performing LoveGame(Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

KE$HA - TiK ToK(Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

MIley Cyrus - Party In The U.S.A(Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Lady Gaga performing Bad Romance(Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Story of LUCY (Acoustic Version) by Julian Lennon and James Scott Cook(Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Lady Gaga Barbara Walters Admits BiSexuality(Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

I went to the Avatar Premiere!! (Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Hardcore Nicknames(Compiled)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

New Reebok EasyTone commercial(bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Octobers Lovely Delights(bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

HotForWords Strip Searched (bd)!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Lil Wayne - Sweet Dreams (feat. Beyonce & Nicki Minaj)(bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

OBAMA DOES THRILLER(bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Chris Brown - I Can Transform Ya You Music Video ft Lil Wanye & Swizz Beatz(bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Serve the Hungry This Thanksgiving with Video Volunteers(bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

NBA TV Top 10: November 1st (bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Leaked SAW VII Kill Scene (bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Very Funny Cats 59 (bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Guy dancing like Michael Jackson at a bus stop (bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Will Ferrell and Adam McKay Talk YouTube(bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

9 Funniest Macho Viral Videos EVER!!! - Digg Reel (bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

3 Must-Have iPhone Photo Apps!!!! - App Judgment (bd)

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

GLEE: Too HOT for TV (bd)!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Kim Kardashian's Halloween Costume Wins the Internet(bd)!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Taylor Gives DJ Swift Kick to the Curb !!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

New moon official trailer 1+2+3 mashup !!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Nightingale: Melrose Place 2009 Season 1 Episode 2 HD Part 4/5 " Nightingale "

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Taylor Swift Disses Kanye West on The View!!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Miley Cyrus on VH1 DIVAS 2009!!! - Save The Paula!!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Wow!!The New 'Do!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Jhansi Ki Rani September 17, 2009 !!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Top 10 Halo 3 All Time Kills: Episode 43

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

TAYLOR SWIFT REVENGE RAP!!??

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

SoulSilver 03 - Fight against Rival!!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Hi!50 Cent reacts on Kanye West Taylor Swift Incident

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Attention Please! Christmas In The Heart: Bob Dylan Christmas Album Preview

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Michigan player punches Notre Dame player 9/2009 !!!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Matt Ziesel's Touchdown Run !!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

WWE SmackDown 9/18/09 PART 7/11 !!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Million dollar hole in one @ mark eaton celebrity classic !!??

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

"Show Me" "Show Me"

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Steve Nash 50 Cent - Facebook Vitamin Water Commercial FUNNY!!!!!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Tennessee v.s. Florida 2009 - "Be Ready" !!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

WWE RAW 9/14/09 PART 7/10 !!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Infants marshmallow test!!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Mean Kitty's TV Debut on The Bonnie Hunt Show!!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Why I DoesN'T anyone CALL you FAT ????

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

CNN's Rick Sanchez Calls FOX News Liars??

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Million Dollar Bill - Official Video !!!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Was Jimmy Carter Wrong to Bring Up Racism? Is'nt it?

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Obama on Kanye's VMA Outburst!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

MEGAN FOX'S BODY in JENNIFER'S BODY !!??

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Adrian Peterson touchdown run V. Cleveland Browns ??

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

WWE SmackDown 9/18/09 PART 6/11 ??

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Coach Pat Hill Parody Song by Boise State ??

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

UFC 103: RICH FRANKLIN on Vitor Belfort's boxing ??

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

9/12/09 TCU/UVA - Cavalier gets bucked off of his horse !!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Hello ! Top 10 Teamwork Plays of 2009

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Be Informed ! mark eaton celebrity classic million dollar hole in one

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Kristiano Ronaldo, el nuevo rey de la Champions League / Zurich 2 - Real Madrid 5

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Lindsay Lohan is my Dirty Secret !!!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Miley Cyrus - Party In The U.S.A Sneak Peak.

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Look ! Chinese Guy vs. Kanye West vs. Taylor Swift - '09 VMA Awards

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Robot with bones moves like you do !!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Sports : Shaq vs michael phelps 5/5

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

President Obama VS. Kanye West !!!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

The Men of TheStation!!! SxePhil, Shaycarl, Hiimrawn, KassemG, and !!!!!!!!!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

High school drama!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Ghosting !!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Unreal Estate : Foamy The Squirrel

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Improvável - 5 capítulos

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Matt Damon with Weirdo

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Kanye West VMA 2009 Cartoon Parody

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

What & What the F&#$ Was That? ! Ep. 1

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Sneaking into the Big Brother House ..

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Danosse.COM == Brincando de esconde = esconde

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Me dá meu Chip Pedro- -Manda meu Chip Pedro---Joga meu CHIPE

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

... Lookin Bro' by Mac Lethal

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

look! Matt Damon with Weirdo SuperFan Matt Zaller

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Look ! Hitler Rants about the 2009 AFL All Australian Team

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

LEAKED: Obama Attacked GaGa Too! !

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

BEST WEBSITE EVER!!

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

Jen Kwok : Date An Asian

Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

HOME INSIDE

Decorating
Tips, Tricks, and Answers

The following articles are available for the 'Decorating' topic. Click the article's title (shown in bold) to see the associated article.

Bringing the Outdoors In When Decorating
No, I am not talking about that weird inside-out night club from "A Night at the Roxbury." What I am talking about is using the natural world to help bring out the best in your home. Here are some tips and guidelines on doing just that.

Choosing Between Oil- and Water-based Stains
Oil and water based stains both protect the quality of your wood. Making an informed decision on which wood stain to use can help you maintain your wood.

Choosing the Best Colors for the Interior of Your Home
Choosing the colors for your home can be a very intimidating experience. Following some basic guidelines about color can make painting your home much easier.

Cottage Style Home Decorating
If you are looking for a taste of the country, but don't want to appear too rural, then cottage style home decorating is perfect for you. The feelings of the garden that such a comfortable style evokes is an ever increasing favorite, and something that anyone can do.

Country Home Decorating
Country home decorating is not necessarily about country music (though many people are inspired by it). Instead to many people, country home decorating is about feeling like they are in a more secure time. The guidelines for decorating in this style are pretty easy to follow, and here they are.Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

WALLPAPER OF DANCE

Dance Tips

Warm Up
Leave a few minutes early for your dance lessons and give yourself some time to warm up your body before class if its cold outside. Dance injuries happen usually due to the muscles not being warm before using them. It happens more easily then you think! Wear a sweater or light jacket to start the class off and take it off after you have warmed up.

Should you buy dance shoes?

If you are thinking about buying dance shoes, there are a couple of things you might want to consider first. Are you sure you are going to be taking lessons on a regular basis? If you are just starting lessons you might want to wait and make sure you like dancing first and then go out and buy a pair.

If you are already dancing regularly at lessons and socials, you may want purchase some. Depending on what dances you are taking, will determine what type of shoes you should buy. For instance, if you are thinking of competing in Country and Western or you mostly go to social country dances, you may want to get "dance boots". One brand is called "Evening Star". If you want dance shoes that are good for any kind of couples dancing, you may want to consider "ballroom practice shoes". Be careful though, there is a good $20 dollar price difference between shops for the exact same shoes. You can't return or exchange any shoes after you have worn them. Some shops have no returns at all!

Social Dance Etiquette #1

Do not teach or criticize your social dance partners while you're out on the social dance floor. Remember, you are out there for fun and your partner is too. It is embarrassing for the person being told how to dance. It accomplishes nothing for anyone to go home at the end of an evening of dancing and feel bad about themselves and their dance technique. I don't criticize anyone about their dancing technique, even if they ask me to, on the social floor. Its inappropriate! Lighten up and have some fun! Let their teachers instruct them in group class or in a private lesson.

"Practice makes perfect"

Well, I don't know about perfect but it sure helps the memory out. Even going through what you learned in class for 5 minutes ago, when you get home makes a big difference in remembering for the following week's lesson or social. Several times I have heard "well we can't seem to find the time together to practice during the week with our busy schedules". My response is "practice yourself." It's amazing how going over pivot turns by yourself or thinking about where you prep to lead a turn really improves your own dancing. Then in class you can practice together. And secondly, attend some dances, if you don't already, that's where you can have fun socially with everyone from your group class plus get some floor time in. Who cares if you mess up, that's why everyone else is there too, for the practice!!

"Should I be warming up before my dance lesson?"

Yes of course you should stretch before any kind of dance class or social. Muscles can be cold and tight and injured easily if your not careful. Five minutes to stretch your body a little should do the trick for social dancing.

It is very easy to hurt shoulder joints for both the ladies and the gentlemen when leading turns and following them. Even knees and hip joints due to rotating incorrectly or the wrong kind of shoes that stick to the floor.

Be careful with your body, it only takes leaving a few minutes earlier for class to give yourself enough time to stretch and warm up.

Ideas for stretching include: rolling your head around to loosen up neck joints, rolling shoulders in a backward and forward rotation as well as pushing them down and back for a feeling of proper dance posture, moving arms up above your head and behind you, circling ankles in and outwards so you don't twist them, moving legs from the hip joint forward and back to loosen those joints up as well.

Footwork
Footwork is one of the cornerstones of good ballroom dancing - but it doesn't mean only learning the steps, it's also where your feet go and in what manner. One of the coolest things appearance-wise to learn, is to dance with one's feet together instead of apart. Your feet should actually lightly brush against one another as they move. This means you have to develop a good sense of balance, because - let's face it - it's always easier to balance standing and moving with your feet apart. GFV

Kicksteps
Kicksteps - whatever dance you're doing, try not to kick with your toes up. This is good if you're doing Country Western dancing, but for Ballroom, try to point your toes down and to the outside. It looks better. GFV

Line dancing
"Line dancing" is a great way to work on body and foot technique. I still hear how many people can't stand line dancing and I think it is because they haven't tried it recently. No longer is it danced just to country music, line dancing is danced to every kind of music from swing to top 40 pop. Its fun and it teaches us coordination. This is how some dancers learn to syncopate for west coast swing or cha cha, its a chance to work on feet instead of lead and follow. Its great exercise and challenging to say the least. Line dancing has come a long way in the past 10 years or so. It may not be the greatest thing to sit and watch but it sure is fun to participate. Give it a try, work on foot positions, foot placements, arm styling, Cuban motion, etc. and you will find it improves your couples dancing as well.

Correct beat
Gentlemen: When starting a dance take your time finding the correct beat of music to begin on. Sometimes it helps to tap it out with your foot on the floor and start on the "1" count. It is usually the easiest beat to find in the music.

Break on 2,3
Make sure if you are dancing Cha Cha that you are breaking on the "2,3", it will feel better if you are dancing on the correct beat.

Ladies
Try to have patience and wait for the gentlemen to get the dance started, remember he is leading.

Grounding
The term "grounding" is used in dancing, but many dancers still have a hard time understanding this word. Basically if you can picture yourself walking across an ice rink, most people will try to walk across the ice so that they don't slip and fall. When dancing, you want to place your feet on the dance floor like you don't want to let them slip. Accomplishing this requires pressing your center into the ground over top your feet. Your feet must be placed in which ever position that is correct and no movement or adjustments after the placement. This grounding technique will make your footwork cleaner and your balance more solid.

Turning Tip
Try using the "cup and pin" technique for the connection of hands while spinning or turning. This is done by the leader making a pin with his third and fourth fingers (preferably) and connecting the pads of those fingers to the followers hand which is cupped slightly with the thumb tucked to her forefinger (out of the way of getting caught during the turns). It is important that the follower keep her palm and wrist facing away from her and to connect to the leaders hand gently. The leader can then easily rotate her because her fingers and palm (cup) will rotate with his fingers (pin) as she turns. In order for this to work, the follower has to have a soft tone in her arm, especially the shoulder and not push her hand above her head where she can't see it. If this happens, it is impossible for the leader to tell you how many spins he wants and makes it difficult to bring the followers hand down to stop the rotation. All of this is important for good lead and follow technique.

Proper dance technique
Lots of dancers say to me when taking lessons, both group and private, that they just want to be good social dancers and not competitors, so why do they have to learn proper dance technique. I reply with this explanation, "without using good dance technique you don't become a great social dancer". If your not using the correct foot positions, or the proper posture it causes balance problems and lead and follow problems as well. Usually when a move doesn't work, it is because of an incorrect body position or some other dance technique problem. I think that some people confuse technique with showmanship, that the competitors are trying to achieve. Learning proper technique makes you more enjoyable to dance with, whether you are a leader or a follower in couples' dance. Good technique makes a dancer look smoother and helps the general flow of the dance executed.

Ladies
While dancing West Coast Swing be careful not to coaster on your anchors, anchor in place and wait for the forward lead on the next pattern.

Gentlemen
While dancing West Coast Swing allow the ladies to finish their anchor before leading them into your next pattern.

Beginner Dancer's Tip
Try never to refuse a dance with someone who is asking you. It doesn't feel very good to be rejected. This tip is for the ladies and the gentlemen, and a reminder to the Intermediate/Advanced dancers as well. This is how we learn to be better dancers; by dancing with lots of different partners and dancers of all levels.

Ladies
Patience while learning moves in group class, the gentlemen have lots more to think about then the ladies, focus in on your following skills and most importantly the connection you are giving to your partner, rather then back leading the pattern for

Read more: http://www.centralhome.com/ballroomcountry/dance_tips.htm#ixzz0NwlyZeKySource URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

WALLPAPER OF TOPICAL ISLAND

Business

* Seeking Alpha and The Internet Stock Blog News and analysis by David Jackson, a money manager and former tech stock analyst
* Footnoted.org reads corporate filings and news releases more carefully than most people

New York

* Curbed Everyone's favorite New York City topic: real estate
* Gothamist
* About Last Night Terry Teachout writes about culture in New York and elsewhere. Interesting blogroll of culture sites, too.
* NYC Bloggers Thousands of other New York City bloggers, organized by subway line

Food

* The Food Section Josh Friedland. With a New York slant.
* Gothamist Food From the Gothamist folks
* Saute Wednesday Bruce Cole.
* Chocolate and Zucchini Clotilde writes about food from Paris.
* A Full Belly Alaina Browne.

Design

* Apartment Therapy Maxwell and Oliver Ryan. Tips and things for living better in small spaces
* Core77 Industrial design
* Design*Sponge A little breathless, but some interesting finds.
* Land and Living
* MocoLoco Modern design from all over
* Reluct.com Design and architecture from a team in the Netherlands.
* Treehugger Design with an environmental slant

Miscellany

*

PostSecret People mail their secrets -- touching, funny, scary -- on homemade postcards.
Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

WALLPAPER OF TREE

Warning: Check Tree-care Credentials
Several autumn fatalities linked to dangerous tree care practices are prompting a coalition of arborists and urban foresters to urge contractors (and others) to hire only certified tree-care professionals. MORE >>

Don't Move Firewood!

ISA is pleased to support the efforts of Don't Move Firewood.org. Tree-killing insects and diseases can lurk in firewood. These insects and diseases can't move far on their own, but when people move firewood they can jump hundreds of miles. New infestations destroy our forests, property values, and cost huge sums of money to control. MORE >>

National Tree Benefits Calculator
The Tree Benefit Calculator allows anyone to make a simple estimation of the benefits individual street-side trees provide. This tool is based on i-Tree’s street tree assessment tool called STRATUM. With inputs of location, species and tree size, users will get an understanding of the environmental and economic value trees provide on an annual basis. The Tree Benefit Calculator is intended to be simple and accessible. As such, this tool should be considered a starting point for understanding trees’ value in the community, rather than a scientific accounting of precise values. For more detailed information on urban and community forest assessments, visit the i-Tree website Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

WALLPAPER OF FLOWERS

Flower specialization and pollination

Further information: Pollination syndrome

Flowering plants usually face selective pressure to optimise the transfer of their pollen, and this is typically reflected in the morphology of the flowers and the behaviour of the plants. Pollen may be transferred between plants via a number of 'vectors'. Some plants make use of abiotic vectors - namely wind (anemophily) or, much less commonly, water (hydrophily). Others use biotic vectors including insects (entomophily), birds (ornithophily), bats (chiropterophily) or other animals. Some plants make use of multiple vectors, but many are highly specialised.

Cleistogamous flowers are self pollinated, after which they may or may not open. Many Viola and some Salvia species are known to have these types of flowers.

The flowers of plants that make use of biotic pollen vectors commonly have glands called nectaries that act as an incentive for animals to visit the flower. Some flowers have patterns, called nectar guides, that show pollinators where to look for nectar. Flowers also attract pollinators by scent and color. Still other flowers use mimicry to attract pollinators. Some species of orchids, for example, produce flowers resembling female bees in color, shape, and scent. Flowers are also specialized in shape and have an arrangement of the stamens that ensures that pollen grains are transferred to the bodies of the pollinator when it lands in search of its attractant (such as nectar, pollen, or a mate). In pursuing this attractant from many flowers of the same species, the pollinator transfers pollen to the stigmas—arranged with equally pointed precision—of all of the flowers it visits.
Callistemon citrinus flowers.

Anemophilous flowers use the wind to move pollen from one flower to the next. Examples include grasses, birch trees, ragweed and maples. They have no need to attract pollinators and therefore tend not to be "showy" flowers. Male and female reproductive organs are generally found in separate flowers, the male flowers having a number of long filaments terminating in exposed stamens, and the female flowers having long, feather-like stigmas. Whereas the pollen of animal-pollinated flowers tends to be large-grained, sticky, and rich in protein (another "reward" for pollinators), anemophilous flower pollen is usually small-grained, very light, and of little nutritional value to animals.A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Magnoliophyta, also called angiosperms). The biological function of a flower is to mediate the union of male sperm with female ovum in order to produce seeds. The process begins with pollination, is followed by fertilization, leading to the formation and dispersal of the seeds. For the higher plants, seeds are the next generation, and serve as the primary means by which individuals of a species are dispersed across the landscape. The grouping of flowers on a plant is called the inflorescence.

In addition to serving as the reproductive organs of flowering plants, flowers have long been admired and used by humans, mainly to beautify their environment but also as a source of food.Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

WALLPAPER OF WINTER

Alpine skiing (or downhill skiing) is a recreational activity and sport involving sliding down snow-covered hills with long skis attached to each foot. Alpine skiing takes place at specially developed ski resorts where trees are cut, slopes are manipulated, snow is groomed and avalanches are controlled to facilitate the activity. Additionally, alpine skiing resorts employ various forms of mechanical ski lift to raise the skiers up the mountain.

The term "skiing" commonly refers to alpine skiing where one visits a ski resort, purchases a lift ticket, dons cold-weather clothing, skis, ski boots and often ski poles, and embarks on a chairlift, gondola lift, or other means of mechanical uphill transport. Upon reaching the summit, the skier disembarks from the ski lift and travels downhill, propelled by gravity, usually along a marked route known as a piste, "run," "trail," or "slope". Most ski resorts use mechanical equipment to "groom," or pack down and smooth, the snow surface on certain ski trails.

Alpine skiing developed in the Alps beginning in 1889. In Winterthur, Switzerland, Odd Kjelsberg may have been the first person in the Alps to try skiing. Previous to this time, the predominant Alpine winter sport had been tobogganing.

The sport is popular wherever the combination of snow, mountain slopes, and a sufficient tourist infrastructure can be built up, including parts of Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand, the South American Andes, and East Asia.History

Alpine skiing evolved from cross-country skiing when ski lift infrastructure was developed at mountain resorts to tow skiers back to the top of slopes, thus making it possible to repeatedly enjoy skiing down steep, long slopes that would be otherwise tiring to climb. The towing also allowed for development of equipment and technique, as it eliminated the need for cross-country capability, most notably allowing the use of hard boots and fixing the heel down for better ski control. Ski touring is the name for skiing that takes place outside ski resorts, using muscle power for ascents and requiring slightly different equipment.

[edit] Technique

The main technical challenges faced by skiers are simply how to control the direction and speed of their descent. The downhill skiers gain such control through making alternating left and right turns. Typically, novice skiers use a technique called the "snowplough/snowplow" to maintain comfortable speed and come to a stop by pointing one or both skis inward, but more advanced skiers use more difficult but more elegant and speedier methods. One popular method of turning is called parallel turn; it involves keeping both skis parallel to each other while alternating the weight distribution between them in order to force them turn in a particular direction. The angle of the ski in relation to the slope (called edge angle) is also important as it determines the resistance (friction) created by the edges of the skis. Modern advanced skiing technique is dominated by "carving". To "carve" at a higher speed, a skier rolls his or her knees from side to side while keeping the upper body and hips facing down the hill and maintaining direction straight downward, so that only the knees and feet are involved into making turns. This technique allows modern "parabolic" skis to turn using the radial properties of the edges of the ski without skidding or slowing down, creating a smooth arc.

As skiers gain confidence, they may tackle steeper, longer and more uneven slopes (including off-piste and ungroomed runs) at higher speeds. In North America, the easiest ski runs are marked by green circles, and are typically fairly flat and smooth. Sometimes known as "bunny slopes", they are usually groomed by specially equipped snowcats every night. A blue square marks slopes of medium difficulty; these blue squares may be steeper or narrower than green circles, or they may be left in a natural state rather than machine-groomed. A black diamond run is yet steeper than a blue square and often involves challenging terrain such as moguls, narrow passes, unmarked obstacles, double fall lines, or gladed sections. A double black diamond is for experts only; these trails are steep, rarely groomed and often left in a completely natural state. There is no standard for these designations, however, and each ski resort determines them relative to their own terrain difficulty. So, for instance, a blue-square (mid-level) trail at one ski mountain may be markedly more difficult than a black-diamond (expert) trail at another mountain. In Europe the system is based on colour alone. North American green circles, blue squares, black diamonds, and double blacks correspond to European green, blue, red, and black trails, respectively.

Different snow and weather conditions, such as dry air in low temperatures or spring conditions, or icy crust, or fresh powder require different skiing techniques and equipment.

[edit] Competitions
Ski racer competing in a Giant Slalom race

Various alpine skiing competitions have developed in the history of skiing. Broadly speaking, competitive skiing is broken up into two disciplines: racing and freestyle.

Racing involves making fast turns through gates in an attempt to attain the fastest overall time down one or two runs of a race course. Elite competitive skiers participate in the annual World Cup series, as well as the quadrennial Olympic Games and the biennial World Championships. Slalom (SL), giant slalom (GS), super giant slalom (super-G), and downhill (DH) are the four racing disciplines, with downhill being the fastest event and slalom being the most technical, where speeds can reach 55kmph compared to downhill which can exceed 100kmph, showing the clear distinction between the two disciplines.The Giant slslom event is also considered a technical event and the Super-giant slalom considered a speed event, as similar speeds are reached as in the downhill discipline. There is also a "combined" event that includes one downhill run and two slalom runs on a single day. In 2005, the FIS (Fédération Internationale de Ski) introduced a new event to the World Cup calendar called the super combined, or super combi, consisting of one shortened downhill run and just one slalom run. That year, the FIS also introduced an alpine team racing event at the World Championships in Bormio, Italy. Ski racing is controlled by a set of rules which are enforced by FIS. These rules include such things as regulation ski sizes, sidecuts, boot heights, binding risers and other regulations such as limitations to chemical substances found in winning racers as well as many other things which all ensure one particular skier has no advantage over another. Next year (2008) these regulations are set to be changed in order to make it harder for racers to complete a race course. Some changes include increasing the minimum ski length and also the sidecut which will make the ski turn less tightly.In 2008 ski lengths were increased as it was found by physiotherapists that the shorter skis combined with the constant knee jerking movements were considered unnecessarily harmful to racers knees due to the turning radius of the skis (especially the slalom skis) therefore the F.I.S made the minimum ski length for women in slalom 155 cm and men 165 cm. Other size minimums were put in place in the other three events.

Freestyle skiing incorporates events such as moguls, aerials, and sometimes "new-school" events such as halfpipe, big air, slopestyle, and skiercross. Together with extreme skiing, new-school freestyle skiing is also sometimes known as freeskiing. Until relatively recently, freestyle competitions also included an event called ballet, later renamed "acro-ski."

In addition to racing and freestyle, other types of alpine skiing competitions exist. One discipline administered by the FIS but not usually considered part of racing is speed skiing, in which competitors strive to achieve the highest total speed in a straight line, with no gates or turns. Numerous non-FIS competitions have emerged over the years. More traditional events include gelandesprung jumping (ski jumping for distance on alpine equipment), and "powder 8" contests; among the more recent introductions are "big mountain" or "extreme skiing" contests, in which athletes start at the top of a mountain and ski a route down that involves wide, fast turns as well as cliff drops. The competitors are judged on the technical difficulty of their routes and any tricks they perform on the way down the hillSource URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

WALLPAPER OF SUNSET

Clearwater Florida | Don’t be Tricked - Halloween Masks are Illegal in Public
0000-00-00 00:00:00
Clearwater Florida Prepares for Halloween Halloween is a fun time of year around Clearwater to cut loose, decorate your home or condo, carve a pumpkin and enjoy the lighter side of life by dressing up, attending Halloween parties and even going trick or treating with the kids. Before you go out – Did you know ...
Read more: Clearwater , Masks , Public , Tricked

Looking for a Clearwater Beach Real Estate Agent? Read Blogs that Tell all and Make Choices Easy
0000-00-00 00:00:00
Clearwater Florida Real Estate Blogs 33767 Things they are a changing in the local Clearwater Real Estate Market including our Gulf Beach communities of Sand Key, Island Estates, Clearwater Beach down to Tierra Verde. Experience shows that beach home buyer and home sellers used to read "static" Real Estate Agent resumes or profiles on your ...
Read more: Clearwater

Clearwater Florida Real Estate Agents experience Natural Florida
0000-00-00 00:00:00
Camping under the Stars | Pinellas County Florida | Ft Desoto Park My family takes along weekend every year to go primative – well ok, to me primitive is 3 days without “real estate” and without my laptop however, we did have electricity and running water at Ft DeSoto Park’s popular campground located in the southern most point ...
Read more: Clearwater , Estate , experience , Natural , Real Estate

Saint Petersburg Florida | Broadwater Civic Association Hosts Home Owner Picnic at Ft Desoto Beach
0000-00-00 00:00:00
Broadwater Waterfront Home Owner s hit the Beach It’s that time of year when the weather cools off (ok we’re overdue and 90 degrees in mid-October is unappreciated around here right now) and many of our Neighborhood Associations have their Fall Garage Sales, Picnic s and Fall Celebrations. This weekend at Ft Desoto beach the ...
Read more: Civic , Florida , Hosts , Petersburg , Saint

Sandpearl Resort on Clearwater Beach Florida having Christopher M. Still Art Exhibition
0000-00-00 00:00:00
Sandpearl Resort on Clearwater Beach | Find Luxury and Fine Art Clearwater Beach Florida – Clearwater Beach’s new “pearl by the sea” is the Sandpearl Resort and Residences. If you haven’t been there yet you need to go and check it out – it is luxury beach living at it’s finest. The JMC ...
Read more: Christopher , Exhibition

Clearwater Florida Carpet Cleaning Experts Certified in Green Cleaning Process and Protects Kids and Pets from Poisons
0000-00-00 00:00:00
Clearwater Florida – Are you killing your kids and pets Cleaning ? As we approach the holidays and families prepare for guest and companies I became aware of some surprising information. You need to reserve your spot to have your carpets cleaned NOW or you may not get the one and You need to ...
Read more: Carpet , Certified , Clearwater , Experts , Green , Process

Sand Key Florida | 3-Day Walk for Cure Ends at the St Petersburg Pier
0000-00-00 00:00:00
I shared with you in my recent post, Clearwater Florida | Tampa Bay Walks for Special Friends and for the Breast Cancer Cure that the Susan G. Komen 3 day Walk for the Cure for Breast Cancer was this Friday, Saturday and Sunday. It began at Sand Key Park on Friday and ...
Read more: Petersburg Welcome to NoMoreSunsets.net. If you or someone you know suffers from addiction to methamphetamines, you have come to the right place for help. "No More Sunsets" is a heart-gripping documentary about the life and times of lifetime meth user Shawn Bridges. As Shawn finally cleaned his life up, he devoted his last days to letting others know that meth is not the answer, and that anybody can turn their life around.

No More Sunsets was filmed in Shawn's dying days, showing the world the consequences of drug use. It has touched many hearts and changed lives worldwide. Shawn's dying wish was that his story would continue after he was gone, and that through this video, he could help people turn their lives around.Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

WALLPAPER OF RIVERS

Topography
Amazon River in Brazil.

The water in a river is usually confined to a channel, made up of a stream bed between banks. In larger rivers there is also a wider floodplain shaped by flood-waters over-topping the channel. Flood plains may be very wide in relation to the size of the river channel. This distinction between river channel and floodplain can be blurred especially in urban areas where the floodplain of a river channel can become greatly developed by housing and industry.

The term upriver is referred to the direction leading to the source of the river, which is against the direction of flow. Likewise, the term downriver describes the direction towards the mouth of the river, in which the current flows.

The river channel typically contains a single stream of water, but some rivers flow as several interconnecting streams of water, producing a braided river. Extensive braided rivers are now found in only a few regions worldwide, such as in southmost Alabama and the South Island of New Zealand. They also occur on peneplains and some of the larger river deltas. Anastamosing rivers are similar to braided rivers and are also quite rare. They have multiple sinuous channels carrying large volumes of sediment.

A river flowing in its channel is a source of energy which acts on the river channel to change its shape and form. According to Brahm's law (sometimes called Airy's law), the mass of objects that may be flown away by a river is proportional to the sixth power of the river flow speed. Thus, when the speed of flow increases two times, it can transport 64 times larger (i.e. more massive) objects.[3] In mountainous torrential zones this can be seen as erosion channels through hard rocks and the creation of sands and gravels from the destruction of larger rocks. In U shaped glaciated valleys, the subsequent river valley can often easily be identified by the V shaped channel that it has carved. In the middle reaches where the river may flow over flatter land, meanders may form through erosion of the river banks and deposition on the inside of bends. Sometimes the river will cut off a loop, shortening the channel and forming an oxbow lake or billabong. Rivers that carry large amounts of sediment may develop conspicuous deltas at their mouths, if conditions permit. Rivers whose mouths are in saline tidal waters may form estuaries.

Throughout the course of the river, the total volume of water transported downstream will often be a combination of the free water flow together with a substantial contribution flowing through sub-surface rocks and gravels that underlie the river and its floodplain (called the hyporheic zone). For many rivers in large valleys, this unseen component of flow may greatly exceed the visible flow.

Classification

Although the following classes are a useful way to visualize rivers, there are many other factors at work. Gradient is controlled largely by tectonics, but discharge is controlled largely by climate, and sediment load is controlled by various factors including climate, geology in the headwaters, and the stream gradient.

Youthful river
a river with a steep gradient that has very few tributaries and flows quickly. Its channels erode deeper rather than wider. (Examples: Brazos River, Trinity River, Ebro River)
Mature river
a river with a gradient that is less steep than those of youthful rivers and flows more slowly. A mature river is fed by many tributaries and has more discharge than a youthful river. Its channels erode wider rather than deeper. (Examples: Mississippi River, St. Lawrence River, Danube River, Ohio River, River Thames)
Old river
a river with a low gradient and low erosive energy. Old rivers are characterized by flood plains. (Examples: Huang He River, Ganges River, Tigris, Euphrates River, Indus River, Nile River)
Rejuvenated river
a river with a gradient that is raised by tectonic uplift.

The straight-line distance from the beginning to the end of most rivers is about one third their actual length.[4][5]

The way in which a river's characteristics vary between the upper course and lower course of a river is summarized by the Bradshaw model.

Most rivers flow on the surface; however subterranean rivers flow underground in caves or caverns. Such rivers are frequently found in regions with limestone geologic formations.

An intermittent river (or ephemeral river) only flows occasionally and can be dry for several years at a time. These rivers are found in regions with limited or highly variable rainfall, or can occur due to geologic conditions such as having a highly permeable river bed. Some ephemeral rivers flow during the summer months but not in the winter. Such rivers are typically fed from chalk aquifers which recharge from winter rainfall. In the UK these rivers are called Bournes and give their name to place such as Bournemouth and Eastbourne

Uses
Leisure activities on the River Avon at Avon Valley Country Park, Keynsham, United Kingdom. A boat giving trips to the public passes a moored private boat.
Many riverbanks in Japan are used as places for playing, recreation and parties

Rivers have been used as a source of water, for obtaining food, for transport, as a defensive measure, as a source of hydropower to drive machinery, for bathing, and as a means of disposing of waste.

Rivers have been used for navigation for thousands of years. The earliest evidence of navigation is found in the Indus Valley Civilization, which existed in northwestern Pakistan around 3300 BC.[citation needed] Riverine navigation provides the cheapest[citation needed] means of transport, and is still used extensively on major rivers of the world like the Amazon, the Ganges, the Nile, the Mississippi, and the Indus.

In some heavily-forested regions such as Scandinavia and Canada, lumberjacks use the river to float felled trees downstream to lumber camps for further processing, saving much effort and cost by transporting the huge heavy logs by natural means.

Rivers have been a source of food since pre-history.[citation needed] They can provide a rich source of fish and other edible aquatic life, and are a major source of fresh water, which can be used for drinking and irrigation. It is therefore no surprise to find most of the major cities of the world situated on the banks of rivers. Rivers help to determine the urban form of cities and neighbourhoods and their corridors often present opportunities for urban renewal through the development of foreshoreways such as Riverwalks. Rivers also provide an easy means of disposing of waste-water and, in much of the less developed world, other wastes.

Fast flowing rivers and waterfalls are widely used as sources of energy, via watermills and hydroelectric plants. Evidence of watermills shows them in use for many hundreds of years such as in the Orkneys at Dounby click mill. Prior to the invention of steam power, water-mills for grinding cereals and for processing wool and other textiles were common across Europe. In the 1890's the first machines to generate power from river water were established at places such as Cragside in Northumberland and in recent decades there has been a significant increase in the development of large scale power generation from water, especially in wet mountainous regions such as Norway

The rocks and gravel generated and moved by rivers are extensively used used in construction. In parts of the world this can generate extensive new lake habitats as gravel pit re-fill with water. In other circumstances is can destabilise the river bed and the course of the river and cause severe damage to spawning fish populations which rely on stable gravel formations for egg laying.

The beauty of rivers and their surroundings contributes to tourist income in many parts of the world from Shakespear's Avon to the wilds of Alaska's glacier streams.

In upland rivers, rapids with whitewater or even waterfalls occur. Rapids are often used for recreation, such as whitewater kayaking.

Rivers have been important in determining political boundaries and defending countries. For example, the Danube was a long-standing border of the Roman Empire, and today it forms most of the border between Bulgaria and Romania. The Mississippi in North America and the Rhine in Europe are major east-west boundaries in those continents. The Orange and Limpopo Rivers in southern Africa form the boundaries between provinces and countries along their routes.

Ancient Greek historian Megasthenes mentions the River Ganga several times in his work Indika.

"India....possesses many rivers both large and navigable, which, having their sources in the mountains which stretch along the northern frontier, traverse the level country, and not a few of these, after uniting with each other, fall into the river called the Ganges. Now this river, which at its source is 30 stadia broad, flows from north to south, and empties its waters into the ocean forming the eastern boundary of the Gangaridai, a nation which possesses a vast force of the largest-sized elephants."Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

WALLPAPER OF SKY

Sky
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Sky (disambiguation).
Crepuscular rays of light shining through clouds near the Washington Monument in Washington D.C.

The sky is the part of the atmosphere or of outer space visible from the surface of any astronomical object. It is difficult to define precisely for several reasons. During daylight, the sky of Earth has the appearance of a deep blue surface because of the air's scattering of sunlight.[1][2][3][4] The sky is sometimes defined as the denser gaseous zone of a planet's atmosphere. At night the sky has the appearance of a black surface or region scattered with stars.

During the day the Sun can be seen in the sky, unless covered by clouds. In the night sky (and to some extent during the day) the moon, planets and stars are visible in the sky. Some of the natural phenomena seen in the sky are clouds, rainbows, and aurorae. Lightning and precipitation can also be seen in the sky during storms. On Earth, birds, insects, aircraft, and kites are often considered to fly in the sky. As a result of human activities, smog during the day and light radiance during the night are often seen above large cities (see also light pollution).

In the field of astronomy, the sky is also called the celestial sphere. This is an imaginary dome where the sun, stars, planets, and the moon are seen to be traveling. The celestial sphere is divided into regions called constellations.

See skies of other planets for descriptions of the skies of various planets and moons in the solar system.
Contents
[hide]

* 1 Sky luminance and colors
* 2 See also
* 3 Gallery
* 4 References
* 5 External links

[edit] Sky luminance and colors
Clouds made orange by a sunset
When seen from altitude, as here from an airplane, the sky's color varies from pale to dark at elevations approaching the zenith

Light from the sky is a result of the scattering of sunlight, which results in a blue color perceived by the human eye. On a sunny day Rayleigh Scattering gives the sky a blue gradient — dark in the zenith, light near the horizon. Light that comes in from overhead encounters 1/38th of the air mass that light coming along a horizon path encounters. So, fewer particles scatter the zenith sunbeam, and therefore the light remains a darker blue.[5]

The sky can turn a multitude of colors such as red, orange and yellow (especially near sunset or sunrise) and black at night. Scattering effects also partially polarize light from the sky.

Sky luminance distribution models have been recommended by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) for the design of daylighting schemes. Recent developments relate to “all sky models” for modelling sky luminance under weather conditions ranging from clear sky to overcast.[6]Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection

WALLPAPER OF LAKES

A lake (from Latin lacus) is a terrain feature (or physical feature), a body of liquid on the surface of a world that is localized to the bottom of basin (another type of landform or terrain feature; that is, it is not global) and moves slowly if it moves at all. On Earth, a body of water is considered a lake when it is inland, not part of the ocean, is larger and deeper than a pond, and is fed by a river.[2][3] The only world other than Earth known to harbor lakes is Titan, Saturn's largest moon, which has lakes of ethane, most likely mixed with methane. It is not known if Titan's lakes are fed by rivers, though Titan's surface is carved by numerous river beds.

Natural lakes on Earth are generally found in mountainous areas, rift zones, and areas with ongoing or recent glaciation. Other lakes are found in endorheic basins or along the courses of mature rivers. In some parts of the world, there are many lakes because of chaotic drainage patterns left over from the last Ice Age. All lakes are temporary over geologic time scales, as they will slowly fill in with sediments or spill out of the basin containing them.
Contents
[hide]

* 1 Meaning and usage of "lake"
* 2 Distribution of lakes
* 3 Origin of natural lakes
* 4 Types of lakes
* 5 Characteristics
* 6 Limnology
* 7 How lakes disappear
* 8 Extraterrestrial lakes
* 9 Notable lakes
o 9.1 Largest by continent
* 10 See also
* 11 References
* 12 External links

[edit] Meaning and usage of "lake"
Lake Maracaibo (technically a bay), Venezuela. Green swirls on the lake are duckweed.

There is considerable uncertainty about defining the difference between lakes and ponds, and no current internationally accepted definition of either term across scientific disciplines or political boundaries.[citation needed] For example, limnologists have defined lakes as waterbodies which are simply a larger version of a pond or which have wave action on the shoreline, or where wind induced turbulence plays a major role in mixing the water column. None of these definitions completely excludes ponds and all are difficult to measure. For this reason there has been increasing use made of simple size-based definitions to separate ponds and lakes. One definition of "lake" is a body of water of 2 hectares (5 acres) or more in area[4]:331[5], however others[who?] have defined lakes as waterbodies of 5 hectares (12 acres) and above[citation needed], or 8 hectares (20 acres) and above[citation needed] (see also the definition of "pond"). Charles Elton, one of the founders of ecology, regarded lakes as waterbodies of 40 hectares (99 acres) or more.[6] The term "lake" is also used to describe a feature such as Lake Eyre, which is a dry basin most of the time but may become filled under seasonal conditions of heavy rainfall. In common usage, many lakes bear names ending with the word "pond", and a lesser number of names ending with "lake" are in quasi-technical fact, ponds.

In lake ecology the environment of a lake is referred to as lacustrine. Large lakes are occasionally referred to as "inland seas", and small seas are occasionally referred to as lakes. Smaller lakes tend to put the word "lake" after the name, as in Green Lake, while larger lakes often invert the word order, as in Lake Ontario, at least in North America. In some places, the word "lake" does not correctly appear in the name at all (e.g., Windermere in Cumbria).

Only one lake in the English Lake District is actually called a lake; other than Bassenthwaite Lake, the others are all "meres" or "waters". Only six bodies of water in Scotland are known as lakes (the others are lochs): the Lake of Menteith, the Lake of the Hirsel, Pressmennan Lake, Cally Lake near Gatehouse of Fleet, the saltwater Manxman's Lake at Kirkcudbright Bay, and The Lake at Fochabers. Of these only the Lake of Menteith and Cally Lake are natural bodies of fresh water.
The Seven Rila Lakes are a group of glacial lakes in the Bulgarian Rila mountains
Oeschinen Lake in the Swiss Alps

[edit] Distribution of lakes

The majority of lakes on Earth are fresh water, and most lie in the Northern Hemisphere at higher latitudes. More than 60% of the world's lakes are in Canada;[citation needed] this is because of the deranged drainage system that dominates the country.

Finland is known as The Land of the Thousand Lakes, (actually there are 187,888 lakes in Finland, of which 60,000 are large),[7] and the U.S. state of Minnesota is known as The Land of Ten Thousand Lakes. The license plates of the Canadian province of Manitoba used to claim "100,000 lakes"[citation needed] as one-upmanship on Minnesota,[citation needed] whose license plates boast of its "10,000 lakes."

Most lakes have a natural outflow[citation needed] in the form of a river or stream, but some do not and lose water solely by evaporation or underground seepage or both. They are termed endorheic lakes (see below).

Many lakes are artificial and are constructed for hydro-electric power generation, recreational purposes, industrial use, agricultural use, or domestic water supply.

Evidence of extraterrestrial lakes exists; "definitive evidence of lakes filled with methane" was announced by NASA[citation needed] as returned by the Cassini Probe observing the moon Titan, which orbits the planet Saturn.

Globally, lakes are greatly outnumbered by ponds: of an estimated 304 million standing water bodies worldwide, 91% are 1 hectare (2.5 acres) or less in area (see definition of ponds) [8]. Small lakes are also much more numerous than big lakes: in terms of area, one third of the world's standing water is represented by lakes and ponds of 10 hectares (25 acres) or less.[citation needed] However, large lakes contribute disproportionately to the area of standing water with 122 large lakes of 1,000 square kilometres (390 sq mi, 100,000 ha, 247,000 acres) or more representing about 29% of the total global area of standing inland water.[citation needed]

[edit] Origin of natural lakes
Ipperwash Beach, Lake Huron, Ontario, Canada

There are a number of natural processes that can form lakes. A recent tectonic uplift of a mountain range can create bowl-shaped depressions that accumulate water and form lakes. The advance and retreat of glaciers can scrape depressions in the surface where water accumulates; such lakes are common in Scandinavia, Patagonia, Siberia, and Canada. The most notables examples are probably the Great Lakes of North America.

Lakes can also form by means of landslides or by glacial blockages. An example of the latter occurred during the last ice age in the U.S. state of Washington, when a huge lake formed behind a glacial flow; when the ice retreated, the result was an immense flood that created the Dry Falls at Sun Lakes, Washington.
Salt crystals, on the shore of Lake Urmia, Iran

Salt lakes (also called saline lakes) can form where there is no natural outlet or where the water evaporates rapidly and the drainage surface of the water table has a higher-than-normal salt content. Examples of salt lakes include Great Salt Lake, the Aral Sea, and the Dead Sea.

Small, crescent-shaped lakes called oxbow lakes can form in river valleys as a result of meandering. The slow-moving river forms a sinuous shape as the outer side of bends are eroded away more rapidly than the inner side. Eventually a horseshoe bend is formed and the river cuts through the narrow neck. This new passage then forms the main passage for the river and the ends of the bend become silted up, thus forming a bow-shaped lake.

Crater lakes are formed in volcanic craters and calderas which fill up with precipitation more rapidly than they empty via evaporation. Sometimes the latter are called caldera lakes, although often no distinction is made. An example is Crater Lake in Oregon, located within the caldera of Mount Mazama. The caldera was created in a massive volcanic eruption that led to the subsidence of Mount Mazama around 4860 BC.

Some lakes, such as Lake Jackson in Florida, USA, come into existence as a result of sinkhole activity.

Lake Vostok is a subglacial lake in Antarctica, possibly the largest in the world. The pressure from the ice atop it and its internal chemical composition mean that, if the lake were drilled into, a fissure could result that would spray somewhat like a geyser.

Most lakes are geologically young and shrinking since the natural results of erosion will tend to wear away the sides and fill the basin. Exceptions are those such as Lake Baikal and Lake Tanganyika that lie along continental rift zones and are created by the crust's subsidence as two plates are pulled apart. These lakes are the oldest and deepest in the world. Lake Baikal, which is 25-30 million years old, is deepening at a faster rate than it is being filled by erosion and may be destined over millions of years to become attached to the global ocean. The Red Sea, for example, is thought to have originated as a rift valley lake.Source URL: http://worldofcelebrityz.blogspot.com/2009/
Visit World Of Celebrity for daily updated images of art collection